1868 Business Directory For Wayne, Ontario and Monroe Counties

Price: $18.95

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A COPY OF THIS BOOK HAS BEEN PROVIDED TO THE NEWARK PUBLIC LIBRARY AND THE LYONS PUBLIC LIBRARY AS A PART OF OUR SHARE OUR SUCCESS PROGRAM.

What ever you needed to buy or fix, you could find it here. From plows to pistols, from dentist to dry goods, if it was a business in 1868 you’ll find it here.As a supplement we have included pictures from the era 1868. 1868 is great for casual reading or as an inexpensive gift. Assembled and bound by hand in Rochester. Click Underlined Title above and then "Detailed Description Tab" for excerpts.

HOW TO JUDGE A HORSE

     A correspondent, contrary to old maxims, undertakes to Judge the character of a horse by outward appearances, and offers the following suggestions, the result of his close observation and long experience:
     If the color be light sorrel, or chestnut, his feet, legs and face white, these are marks of kindness. If he is broad and full between the eyes, he may be depended on as a horse of good sense, and capable of being trained to anything.
     As respects such horses, the more kindly yon treat them the better you will be treated in return. Nor will a horse of this description stand a whip, if well fed.
     If you want a safe horse, avoid one that is dish-faced. He may be so far gentle as not to scare; but he will have too much go ahead in him to be safe with everybody.
     If you want a fool, but a horse of great bottom, get a deep bay with not a white hair about him. If his face is a little dished, so much the worse. Let no man ride such a horse that is not an adept in riding --they are always tricky and unsafe.
     If you want one that will never give out, never buy a large, overgrown one.
     A black horse cannot stand heat, nor a white one cold.
     If you want a gentle horse, get one with more or less white about the head; the more the better. Many persons suppose the parti-colored horses belonging to the circuses, shows, &c., are selected for their oddity. But the selections thus made are on account of their great docility and gentleness

Bank Notes

Infallible Rules For Detecting Counterfeit
1st.— Examine the shading of the letters in title of Bank called lathework, which in genuine notes presents an even, straight, light and silky appearance, generally so fine and smooth as to appear to be all In one solid, pale body. In the counterfeit the lines are coarse and irregular, and in many of the longer lines breaks will be perceived, thus presenting a very inferior finish in comparison to genuine work.

2d.— Observe the dies, circles and ovals in the genuine; they are composed of a net-work of lines, which, by crossing each other at certain angles, produce an endless variety of figures; see the one cent stamp attached. The fine line alone is the unit which enables you to detect spurious work. In the counterfeit, the represented white lines are coarse, irregular, and cross each other in a confused, irregular manner, thus producing blurred and imperfect figures.

3rd.—Examine all human figures on the note. In the genuine, the texture of the skin is represented by fine dots and lines intermixed. In the eyes, the pupil is distinctly visible, and the white clearly seen; the nose, mouth and chin, well formed, natural and expressive; the lips are slightly pouting, and the chin well thrown out; and the delicate shading of the neck perfectly harmonizes with the rest of the figure. Observe the fingers and toes; they should be clearly and accurately defined. The hair of the head should show the fine strands and present a natural appearance. The folds of the drapery of human figures should lay natural and present a fine, finished appearance. In the counterfeit the female figure dues not bear the natural prominence in outlines; observe, the eyes and shading surrounding does not present the lifelike appearance it should. The fingers and toes are not properly and proportionately defined; the hair does not appear that soft and finished appearance as In the genuine.

4th.— Examine the imprint or engraver's names in the evenness and shape of the fine letters. Counterfeits never bear the imprint perfect. This rule should be strictly observed, as it is infallible in detecting counterfeits.

5th.— In the genuine note the landscapes are well finished; trees and shrubs are neatly drawn; the limbs well proportioned, and the foliage presenting a fine natural appearance; clear sky is formed of fine parallel lines, and when clouds or heavy skies appear, they cross each other, and bear a soft, smooth and natural appearance. The perspective, showing a view of the surrounding country, is always clear and distinct. The small figures in the background are always plainly seen, and their outlines and general character recognized. Ships are well defined and the canvass has a clear texture; railroad cars are very accurately delineated; in examining a train observe the car most distant. In the counterfeit the landscape is usually poorly executed; the leaves of trees poorly and unnaturally defined.— The lines representing still water are scratchy rather than parallel, the sky is represented generally in like manner, and where rolling clouds are to be seen, the unnatural effect is obvious. Domestic animals are generally poorly executed, particularly the head and limbs; the eyes are seldom clearly defined. Ships are poorly drawn, the texture of the canvass coarse and inferior in style of workmanship, thus giving an artificial appearance. Railroad cars are also poorly executed; the car farthest from the eye is usually the most imperfect. The perspective is always imperfect, the figures in the background can seldom be recognized.

6th.— The pieces thus prepared are affixed they are hardly perceivable; but by passing the note through the hand, so as to feel the die both with the finger and thumb at the same time, the fraud will be detected by the stiffness of the outer edges, occasioned by the gum or method adopted in affixing the parts. The letter “S” should always be examined, as in many alterations it is pasted or stamped at the end of the word "dollar;" and even when stamped there, the carrying out of the out- lines for its shading will readily show the fraud. Bills of broken banks are frequently altered by extracting the name of bank, state and town; they may readily be detected by observing first the state, second the title or name of the bank, third the town or location. 　Bills altered from a smaller to a higher denomination, can readily be detected by a close observer, in consequence of the striking difference between the parts which have been extracted and the rest of the note. This difference is readily perceived in the lack of color, body and finish of the dye; we have seen bills where the surrounding shading in altered dies was too dark, but from the back or finish of the white lines you have a sure test. Again observe particularly the words "Five" or “Ten Dollars" as the case may be, denoting the denomination of the note; the parallel outlines and shading (if any) are coarse and imperfect. Alterations are frequently made by pasting a greater denomination over a smaller, but by holding the bill up to the lights the fraud will be perceived. Another method resorted to Is to cut out the figures in the dies as well as the words one dollar, or the words two or three as the case may be, and with a sharp eraser, scrape down the ends and also the edges of the pieces to be inserted.....

GENERAL REMARKS IN REGARDS TO COUNTERFEITS

The paper on which they are printed is generally of a very inferior quality, with less body, finish and toughness than bank note paper has. The ink generally lacks the rich luster of the genuine; the red letters and figures are generally imperfect, and the ink does not present the vermilion hue as It should. The printing is generally inferior, usually exhibiting specks of white in the most prominent letters. The date and filling up, and the President's and Cashier's names are generally written by the same person, although in many instances they present a different appearance. There are bills in circulation bearing either genuine dies or vignettes; but upon close examination you will be enabled to detect any spurious bill, whether counterfeit or altered, by the instructions here give, if preserved in for a short time. We beg to suggest, if time will admit, the learner should examine minutely ever bill he receives. A powerful pocket magnifying glass, which can be purchased for from fifty cents to one dollar at any of the opticians, will greatly enable you to see and comprehend the difference between genuine and spurious work.

　

LAW MAXIMS

When a merchant ship is abandoned by order of the master, for the purpose of saving live, and a part of the crew subsequently meet the vessel so abandoned and bring her safe to port, they will be entitled to salvage.
A person who has been led to sell goods by means of false pretenses, cannot recover them from one who has purchased them in good faith from the fraudulent vendor.
All fruits and grass on the farm of an intestate (deceased) descend to the heir.

Money paid on Sunday contracts may be recovered.

Imbecility on the part of either husband or wife, invalidates the marriage.

A finder of property is compelled to make diligent inquiry for the owner thereof and to restore the same. If, on finding such property, he attempts to conceal such fact, he may be prosecuted for larceny.

Any person interested may obtain an injunction to restrain the State or municipal corporation from maintaining a nuisance on its lands.

To prosecute a party with any other motive than to bring him to justice, is malicious prosecution, and actionable a such.

In a suit for enticing away a man’s wife, actual proof of the marriage is not necessary. Cohabitation, reputation, and the admission of marriage by both parties are sufficient.

Contracts for advertisement in Sunday newspapers can not be enforced.

A seller of goods, or other property, commits no fraud in law, when he neglects to tell the purchaser of any flaws, defects, or unsoundness of the same.

The opinions of witness, as to the value of a dog that has been killed, are not admissible in evidence. The value of the animal is to be decided by the jury.

If a person, who is unable from illness to sing his will, has his hand guided in making his mark, his signature is valid.

In an action for slander, the party making the complaint must prove the words alleged; other words of like meaning will not suffice.

In a suit of damages for seduction, proof of pregnancy, and birth of child, is not essential. It is sufficient if the illness of the girl, whereby she was unable to labor, was produced by shame for the seduction; and this is such a loss of service as will sustain the action.

Addressing to a wife a letter containing matter defamatory to the character of her husband is a publication, and renders the writer amenable to damages.

An emigrant depot is not a nuisance in law.

A railroad track through the streets is not a nuisance in law.

Delivery of a husband’s goods by a wife to her adulterer, he having knowledge that she has taken them without her husband’s authority, is sufficient to sustain and indictment for larceny against the adulterer.

When a person has, by legal inquisition been found a habitual drunkard, he cannot, even in his sober intervals, make contracts to bind himself or his property, until the inquisition is removed.

A wife can not be convicted of receiving stolen goods when she received them of her husband.

Males can marry at fourteen and females at twelve years of age.

All cattle found at large upon any public road, can be driven by any person to the public pond.

Any dog chasing, barking, or otherwise threatening a passer-by in any street, lane, road, or other public thoroughfare, may lawfully be killed for the same.

When a wife leaves her husband voluntarily, it must be shown, in order to make him liable for necessaries furnished to her, that she could not stay with safety. Personal violence, either threatened or inflicted, will sufficient cause for such separation.

Necessaries of dress furnished to a discarded wife must correspond with the pecuniary circumstances of the husband, and be such articles as the wife, if prudent, would expect, and the husband should furnish, if the parties lived harmoniously together.

A watch will not pass under bequest of “wearing apparel,” nor of “household furniture and articles for family use.”

An employer is not liable to one of his employees for an injury sustained by the latter in consequence of the neglect of others of his employees engaged in the same general business.

A powder house located in a populous part of a city, and containing a large quantity of gunpowder, is a nuisance.

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